Diphallia, or penile duplication, is a medical condition in which a male infant is born with two penises. It is estimated that one out of 5 million live births in the United States results in a diphallic birth defect. When diphallia is present, it is usually accompanied by other congenital anomalies such as renal, vertabral, hindgut or anorectal duplication. There is also a higher risk of spina bifida. Infants born with PD and its related conditions have a higher death rate from various infections associated with their more complex renal or colorectal systems